(Applies to the confinement volume (leptons and hadrons) only, not to photons.)

In the previous section, we discussed that the mass of each kind of elementary “particle” with mass (stain packages like electron, proton etc.) is mutually related with the ratio of the universal strain on the expansion.

On the other hand, each kind of strain package with mass (like electron, proton) have different degrees of mass that is dependent on the intrinsic properties of its kind. In Section 5.3, we had an in-depth discussion about mass (energy content of a strain package with mass) being dependent on the tightness of the confinement on the expansion alone. In fact, this tightness is another interpretation of the uncertainty range in Heisenberg’s principle.

E 10.1 (h is the Planck constant, c is the constant speed of light, and r is the radius of the confinement volume of that strain package)

According to Geometric Generalization, since all existence flows the equivalent distance towards time dimension, each additional geometric deformation (quantity or the degree of the bend, fold, twist etc.) tightens the confinement volume of a certain type of strain package with mass, and increases its mass (energy content).

In other words, the degree of the mass of each kind of strain package (size of its confinement volume or Nrotations) is based on the amount and the formation of its specific intrinsic geometric deformations (curvature and torsion).

Beyond the concept of mass, the energy content of any strain package is the resultant confinement or compression on that strain package, and it is a function of the (average) curvature for the equivalent spatial arclength (Dspatial), (the spatial distance that is flowed). Please notice that this definition describes the mass (energy content) of any strain package according to their intrinsic geometric properties, and it also contains the relativistic variations, since the degree of curvature increases in relativistic cases (with acceleration or in gravitational fields).